Media

The way on which data travels from Source Computer to the Destination Computer is called Media OR the object which makes a link between Sender and Receiver.
Types of Media
1: Guided Media (Bounded Media)
2: Unguided Media (Unbounded Media)
1: Guided Media: (Cables)
We have three types of Guided Media
Coaxial Cable
Twisted Pair Cable
Fiber Optic Cable

Coaxial Cable
There are two types of Coaxial Cable
Thin net Coaxial Cable
Thick net Coaxial Cable

Thin net Coaxial (10 base 2)
> It is used in base band transmission
> It can flow the data up to 185 to 200 Meter
> We use this type cable in Bus Topology and Ring Topology
> It has a speed of 10 Mbps (Mega bit per second)
> The connector for this cable is called BNC (British Naval Connector)
Thick net Coaxial (10 base 5)
> It is used in base band transmission.
> It can flow the data up to 500 meter.
> It is used in Bus and Ring Topology.
> It has a speed of 10 Mbps
> The connector for this cable is called AUI (Attachment Unit Interface)
Twisted Pair Cable

STP (Shielded Twisted Pair Cable)
UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable)

There are six Categories available in Twisted Pair Cable

Category Pair Speed Range Usage Connector

Cat 1 4 Mbps 100 Meter Telephone RJ 11
Cat 2 8 Mbps 100 Meter Telephone RJ 11
Cat 3 10 Mbps 100 Meter Network RJ 45
Cat 4 16 Mbps 100 Meter Network RJ 45
Cat 5 100 Mbps 100 Meter Network RJ 45
Cat 5E 100 Mbps 150 Meter Network RJ 45

RJ: Registered Jack
Making of Twisted Pair Cable

We make Twisted Pair Cable in three different ways for Network
1: Cross Cable
2: Straight Cable
3: Roll Over Cable
Cross Cable

Cross Cable is used to connect two same devices like Computer to Computer, hub to Hub or Switch to Switch

Straight Cable

This type of cable is used to connect different devices .It is also used in Star topology. It is used to connect Computer to Hub, Computer to Switch or switch to Router (MAN or WAN)

Roll Over Cable

This type of cable is used to only and only connect Computer to Router; we connect system to Router in order to configuration the Router by the help of IOS (Internet work Operating System).
We have two Standards to make the above three Cables. 568A and 568B

568A 568B

Pin Color Pin Color

1 ------ White Green 1 ------ White Orange
2 ------ Green 2 ------ Orange
3 ------ White Orange 3 ------ White Green
4 ------ Blue 4 ------ Blue
5 ------ White Blue 5 ------ White Blue
6 ------ Orange 6 ------ Green
7 ------ White Brown 7 ------ White Brown
8 ------ Brown 8 ------ Brown


Cross Cable
568A _________________568B

Straight Cable

568A ___________________568A

568B ___________________ 568B

Roll Over Cable

568A ____________________ 568 A-1

Fiber Optic Cable
It is used in LAN, MAN, WAN.
The speed of this cable is up to 2000 Mbps.
It can Flow the Data up to 10 KM.
In the cable instead of conductor there is glass or plastic covered by Fibers.
Data flows in the form of Light.
Light is encoding in digital signals.
It is used in base band transmission.
The connector for this cable is called Fiber Clip.